CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The growth of indigenous manpower to fulfill a major purpose of pushing or driving the national growth and enhancement is a fixed key to Nigeria’s socio-economic and political enhancement (Blessing, 1991). This fact cannot be over ruled and neglected, putting into consideration the debate of the idea of remittance of technology as a driving force for the growth and development of the developing countries of which Nigeria is one of them. (Chukwuebuka, 1989).For this reason, it is paramount to say that the inabilityto adequate further stress on manpower growth and development as a propelling force for desired growth and development in Nigeriaon the part of government and also the organized private sector could not be far-fetched from the lack of understanding of both the idea and procedures for manpower development in a post-colonial Nigerian State in which the process of human resource development for national growth was twisted or deformed by colonialism with the negative grooming that was inflicted into political leadership (Enebe 2000). Hence, manpower development came to be an elitist design that was meant to favour capitalist mode of production in which labour was assigned to the background among the factors of production (Bassy 1998). In addition, one can thus debate that there were misshaping’s in both the idea and procedures of manpower enhancement and growth in the Nigerian State as it was designed toappeal capitalist interest. No doubt, this accounts for the disparities in the educational system, a system designed for manpower development that was meant to serve national interest.
Manpower training has a lot to do with organized learning activities planned in a well-organizedplatform for the objective of enhancing performance and/or individual growth in other to move the job, the individual, and/or the organization forward (Adamu 2008)Manpower training involvesa wider range of activities to heightenindividuals, personnel inside of the organizations, etc.
Manpower Training is paramount to the success of every organization, individual as it reduces poverty rate in the state, encourages employment, and has huge impact on science and technology. Irrespective of the fact that technology and the internet have made global collaboration and competition easy, employees are still the organization’s competitive edge. Manpower training reinforces and encourages employees to grow, nurture their skills and the competence required to developdown-line outcomes for their organizations.
In recent times, unemployment of both the educated and the uneducated manpower has become a thorn in the flesh and a major issue in the Nigeria state. Unemployment in the state has emerged from the previous position known by the extended period of unemployment and misemployment to one in which graduates of tertiary institutions have to queue for prolongedperiod of time before getting a first job if at all they will. At the preliminary stage of the year, employment crises have transcended as the most challenging issue facing many world economies, specifically, Nigeria.
The need of manpower training is very important considering the rapid growth of the work environment, the swift and continuous change in organizations and enhancements in technology, and a host of others. Consistent training and growthto a very large extentassists to make sure that organizational members, individualshave or acquires the knowledge and skills they need to perform their jobs productively, take on fresh obligations and adapt to changing conditions. Training physically, socially, intellectually and mentally is paramount in fostering not just the level to which one produces results but also the enhancement of personnel in organizations. Thus, training is relevantto everyone including school administrators. Howbeit, knowledge is the ability, the skill, the understanding, interpretation, the information, which every individual needs in order to be able to productive.
Therefore, man is always active in nature, the desire to be updated and relevant in all facets of human endeavors make an individual, staff development mandatory to keep track with current event.
1.2. STATEMENT OF THE GENERAL PROBLEM
The geometric increase in the level of unemployment/underemployment among employable youths in Nigeria has been a cause for serious concern as it has been said to be the source of various problems confronting the nation ranging from increase in crime rate to rise in the level of poverty in the land. Unemployment and poverty being very related variables have significantly contributed to the present economic recession in the country.
1.3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The major aim of the study is to examine the impact of manpower training on science and technology, unemployment and poverty in Nigeria. Other specific objectives of the study include;
1. To determine the importance of manpower training in Nigeria.
2. To determine the level of science and technology and how it affects employment in Nigeria.
3. To examine the level of unemployment in Nigeria.
4. To determine the relationship between manpower training and level of poverty in Nigeria.
5. To recommend ways of improving science and technology in Nigeria.
1.4. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. What is the impact manpower training on science and technology, unemployment and poverty in Nigeria?
2. What is the importance of manpower training in Nigeria?
3. What is the level of science and technology and how does it affects employment in Nigeria?
4. What is the level of unemployment in Nigeria?
5. What is the relationship between manpower training and level of poverty in Nigeria?
6. What are the ways of improving science and technology in Nigeria?
1.5. RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
H0: Manpower training does not have a significant impact on unemployment in Nigeria.
H1: Manpower training has a significant impact on unemployment in Nigeria.
H0: Manpower training does not have a significant impact on poverty in Nigeria.
H1: Manpower training has a significant impact on poverty in Nigeria.
H0: Manpower training does not have an influence on science and technology in Nigeria.
H1: Manpower training has an influence on science and technology in Nigeria.
1.7. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study would be of immense importance to government at all levels at it would reveal the impact of manpower training on science and technology, poverty and unemployment in Nigeria and possible remedies. The study would also be of immense importance to students, researchers and scholars who are interested in developing further studies on the subject matter.
1.8. SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The study is restricted to the impact of manpower training on science and technology, poverty and unemployment in Nigeria.
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).
Time constraint- The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.
1.9. DEFINITION OF TERMS
Manpower: This is the human resources of an organization that coordinates and control materials, finance and others towards the attainment of an organization objectives.
Training: Training could be seen as an Organizational effort aimed at helping an employee to acquire basic skills required for the efficient and effective execution of the function for which he/she is hired for.
Development: This is a programme designed to provide new ideas and concepts that may be useful for present and future specification/response which take care of professionals and managers.
Unemployment: Unemployment is a phenomenon that occurs when a person who is actively searching for employment is unable to find work.
Poverty: Poverty is a state or condition in which a person or community lacks the financial resources and essentials to enjoy a minimum standard of life and well-being that's considered acceptable in society.
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