CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Camp bed is used universally for relaxation, emergency eases such as war and in other several ways, it is the acknowledgement of these resources that led to the design of the foldable camp – bed. All the existing foldable camp bed, have almost the same dimension but differ in design. Some use rope and ailets while the modern design make use of wood and spring. Some other are constructed using straight bars, pipes of angle iron.
1. LIMITATION OF ALREADY EXISTING FOLDABLE CAMP – BEDSome foldable camp beds are made of Iron bars which are too heavy and cannot be carried with ease. Most existing foldable camp – bed are cumbersome to carry because their lengths which are normally six feet or 183 meters or 1830mm.
Some of the materials used for fabrication of the foldable camp bed may not be locally got and this affects its prince, making its availability to become more rare.
In the market, design that make use of springs to hold the improvised materials or even wood are found. But when the spring fill off, its efficiency is reduced and this make it more profitable to make use of wood than spring to hold improvised mattress.
DESIGN SPECIFICATION OF THE FOLDABLE CAMP BED
It is high in weight
It can be produced locally
It is portable
It has an in built head rest which is adjustable. The tarpaulin material used in folding the foam to the wood can be easily removed along with the wood for cleaning.
It is could carry a person up to 75kg in weight. Pipes (square) used are made of galvanized steel and also the angle Iron used is made if galvanized steel both painted with aluminum oil paint to avoid corrosion.
It is easy to manipulate.
All these specification put together make this project a viable one that can compete favorably with any existing foldable camp bed and also eliminate the limitations posses by earlier designers.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
From history, the second world war ended in 1945 and this resulted to serious damage to the Ozone layer which was developed from heavy bombardments in throshima Japan and other type of Europe like Berlin in Germany. As a result of this bombardments many people rendered homeless and they started looking for ways to make the situation quite relatively less harsh and this lead to the invention of the first model of foldable camp bed by George Bedmanson in 1947.
Progressively foldable camp bed became widely used in all sphere of life ranging from camping, picnic relaxation, emergency cases such as war so on foldable camp bed as first found in Africa in Aswan, Egypt at about 1958 and in Nigeria at lags Lagoon, a place now known as Bar Beach, it was believe to have been brought by expatriates from Europe and American.
Nowadays foldable camp bed can be found almost everywhere like homes, hotel, swimming pools, picnic arena and so on. Simultaneously the camp bed has undergone serious of modification in order to meet the world standard. The first foldable camp – bed was made of Iron bars welded flat to four stands and covered with Jute material. The integration of certain properties caused it to be replaced by hardwood. But hardwood could not stand the test of time due to wear and lack of other desirable properties, hater, light mild steel pipe of different diameter were used. More of the technical invention were concentrated to arrest technology and human constraints as well as aesthetic sensibility. However, the introduction of Aluminum and Duralumin pipes (Duralumin is an alloy of Aluminum, copper, magnesium and magnates) brought a lot of designs and reliability as well as comfort, more so the jute material used as cover was replaced with tarpaulin or imitation leather and later with soft mattress and other bedding.
Models of the first foldable bed can be found in museums in places like Paris (France) and Manchester laboratory, England. This camp bed was fabricated based on factors like bed cost of finished product and the need of customers with much consideration in marketing competition.
Conclusively, in a bid to tackle the problem of competition in the market, mechanical properties of the mater5ials were taken into consideration. These included weldability, portability, strength and impact resistance according to functional requirement.
1. COMPNENT PARTS OF THE FOLDABLE CAMP BEDThe foldable camp bed is basically composed of the following parts.
THE ANGLE IRON, THE CATCHER, THE COVER AND SQUARE PIPE.
1. THE ANGLE IRONThis is the major component of the frame. The vertical and horizontal top rest is made up of 1/5 inch or 15mm by diameter.
1. THE CATCHERThe catcher is reverted to the head rest and through a river on the anterior stand. The headrest can be adjusted easily. It is Amm thick and made of high carbon steel.
1. THE COVERThe cover is made of wood folded with tarpauline. The cover is the part of the bed on which one lies.
1. THE ANCThis is the basic component that was used in forming the stand of the foldable camp bed. It is 4mm thick with different lengths.
CHAPTER THREE
3. DESIGN SOLUTIONThree design solution were considered. The solution of the chosen alternative were attained, based on the relative advantage of one over the other towards the realization of the desired objective.
3.1 ALTERNATIVE A
The spring type of the foldable camp bed is the type on which spring are used to join the cover to the horizontal length of the bed.
3.11 MERITS
The major advantage of the spring type of the foldable camp bed is that it can bounce within the elastic limit of the spring.
1. DEMERIT
1. The spring can easily fall of, making the bed less comfortable.
2. With time, the spring would extend beyond their elastic limit bringing about non – uniformly.
3. Valuable time would be spent in order to drill the hates in which the springs would be fixed.
1. ALTERNATIVE BThis model fixes ailets along the horizontal length and the posterior width of the bed. As the cover is folded to pass the under of the bed, rope is passed across the width and through all the ailets and finally tied.
1. MERITS
1. Rope is strong and even if it cuts can be joined
2. The rope can be loosened or tightened as desired by user.
3. It would never fall off
4. The cover be removed and washed.
1. DEMERITS
1. It is a little more expensive
1. ALTERNATIVE CThis model of the foldable camp bed is the type on which wood (plywood) is used instead of spring or ailetsIt consist of tow hand rest, each at the vertical frame of the bed.
1. MERITS
1. It has more comfortable condition than any other type
2. It is easy to construct
3. It is less expensive3.32 DEMERITS
1. It is not adjustable
2. It is cumbersome to carry
1. COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVE AND CHOICESFrom the merits and demerit of the above alternatives, it could be seen that merit of alternative C out – weight that of alternative A and B, it gives highest comfort efficiency.
CHAPTER FOUR
1. MATERIAL SELECTIONMaterial selection is very in any engineering design work as the proper and correct choice of material affect to a great extent the functionality, service requirement, cost of production, size, shape, durability, formability and so on, of the designed work.From the particular design work, the different material chosen for the different part were influenced by:
1. MILD STEELMild steel is the easiest of all steel to work on, it contain above 0.25% carbon.Mild steel is characterized by heat treatment except by surface hardening process.
Mild steel is used exclusively for body panel where the high amount of ductility permit easy forming without danger of hardening or embitterment in the welded zone.
Based on the above, mild steel was employed for the fabrication of some parts such as brackets and galvanized steel resulted to the following merits.
1. Availability
2. Its weight is relatively has than most other steel grade.
3. Resistance to corrosion.
4. Its strength can be improved upon by heat treatment.
5. It is easy to work on.
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