CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Psychological condition is a condition that is popularly known in Nigeria and the world at large. Based on research, approximately 18.5% of adults in Nigeria, U.S. and some other countries presently are having diverse issues or challenges when it comes to their psychological condition and 4.2% are presently dealing with severe psychological disorder. It is therefore paramount to investigate, understand the causes and development of the different psychological conditions in other to properly detect, prevent, and treat the various psychological conditions and to mollify its consequences.
Socioeconomic factors and social class are majorly the chief determinants of human psychological conditions and functioning across the life span, together withgrowth, well-being, and physical and mental health.These are all major concerns for study on psychological condition, practice, education, policy, and advocacy. In some areas of study like public health, epidemiology, and sociology, there has been a rapid increase in work on socioeconomic factors/status and these results, together with growing or maximizing financing from both governmental and foundation initiatives like the National Institutes of Health [NIH] agenda on health disparities; the MacArthur Foundation Research Network on SES and Health; the Robert Wood Johnson proposal for a commission on health disparities in the Nigeria; and the World Health Organization Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Coincidentally, social disparities are growing rapidly within the country and some others like Nigeria, to mention but a few. The citizens, together with the government are thoughtful that psychology as a course and psychologists as humans are underrepresented in participating in these ideas and in addressing inequalities leading from the growing disparity. A good number of the research works on socioeconomic factorsinvolve two or more academic, scientific, or artistic areas of knowledge. There is frequent distress, mental uneasiness about concentrating on the individual level within a multiple level method, since this is perceived as distracting from the social determinants that may be more suited to large-scale social policy. In other to play a major role in this work, psychologists are not just required to express the unique contribution that psychological theory and research can make correctly but also to be more interested to relate these to social– contextual and institutional factors that are inborn to Socioeconomic factors/social class. For instance, a growing body of scholarship keeps record of the need for a psychology that is social class conscious; beckoning on researchers, practitioners, and educators to attend more fully to the effect of socioeconomic factors/position/status on psychological conditions, processes and results, the subjective experiences of social class status, and psychosocial processes are linked to the social and political implications of class disparities. Acknowledging the desire within psychology to resolve these problems and in an effort to determine how the Nigerian Psychological Association (NPA) might most effectively resolve them, the Task Force on Socioeconomic Status was formed.Silencing or resolving the issue of Poverty and Socioeconomic Status and the creation of a task force came with developing a plan focused on social class are evidence of an increasing complete participation to understanding the importance of social class and to issues on injustice, and also socioeconomic disparities. The report tried to at least move one step toward attaining these goals, though there are many more steps to be taken.We strongly believe that all fields of psychology will enjoy good benefits from more disciplinary attention to social class and economic inequalities in well-being.
1.2. STATEMENT OF THE GENERAL PROBLEM
The effect of the socio economic problems confronting the Nigerian populace in the 21st century such as the general hike in prices of goods and services and the inability to feed adequately has in recent times recent an unbearable height, this has regrettably led to several psychological effects as most people resort to suicide or attempted suicide while others have developed a state of mental imbalance. This huge effect on the psychology on Nigerians has negatively affected socio economic growth and the productivity of Nigerians as little or nothing can be achieved in such circumstances.
1.3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The major aim of the study is to examine the effect of socio economic challenges of the 21st century in Nigeria on human psychological condition. Other specific objectives of the study include;
1. To examine the effect of socio economics on the psychological condition of Nigeria.
2. To determine the importance of psychology on socio economic development in Nigeria.
3. To highlight the socio economic problems of the 21st century in Nigeria.
4. To proffer solutions to the socio economic problems of the 21st century.
5. To recommend ways to enhance the mental strength of Nigerians.
1.4. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. What is the effect of socio economics on the psychological condition of Nigeria?
2. What is the importance of psychology on socio economic development in Nigeria?
3. What are the socio economic problems of the 21st century in Nigeria?
4. What are solutions to the socio economic problems of the 21st century?
5. What are the ways to enhance the mental strength of Nigerians?
1.5. RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
H0: There is no effect of the 21st socio economic problems of Nigerian on human psychological condition.
H1: There is an effect of the 21st socio economic problems of Nigerian on human psychological condition.
H0: The human psychological condition has no influence on National development.
H1: The human psychological condition has an influence on National development.
1.6. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study would be of immense benefit to psychologists and the general Nigerian populace as it would unveil the effect of the 21st century socio economic problems on human psychology with the sole purpose of improving human psychology in the face of socio economic problems. The study would also benefit students, researchers and scholars who are interested in developing a further on the subject matter.
1.7. SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The study is on the effect of the Nigerian 21st century socio economic problems on human psychology using the residents of Lagos state as the case study,
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).
Time constraint- The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.
1.8. DEFINITION OF TERMS
PSYCHOLOGY: Psychology is the science of behavior and mind, embracing all aspects of conscious and unconscious experience as well as thought. It is an academic discipline and a social science which seeks to understand individuals and groups by establishing general principles and researching specific cases.
SOCIO ECONIOMIC DEVELOPMENT: Socio-economic development is a process that seeks to identify both the social and the economic needs within a community, and seek to create strategies that will address those needs in ways that are practical and in the best interests of the community over the long run. The general idea is to find ways to improve the standard of living within the area while also making sure the local economy is healthy and capable of sustaining the population present in the area. Socio-economic development occurs in neighborhoods in metropolitan areas, sections of smaller cities and towns, and even in rural settings.
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